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常見的幾種渣漿泵性能曲線
(1)平坦的Q- H曲線:如圖2-43曲線d所示。這種性能曲線適用于流量調(diào)節(jié)范圍較大，而壓力要求變化較小的系統(tǒng)中?？梢栽谝欢ǚ秶鷥?nèi)起到自動(dòng)維持液面和壓力的作用，如鍋爐給水泵、消防泵。
(2) 陡降的Q-H曲線:如圖2 - 43曲線c所示。這種性能曲線適用于在流量變化不大時(shí)要求壓頭變化較大的系統(tǒng)中，或壓頭波動(dòng)時(shí)要求流量變化不大的系統(tǒng)中。例排灌泵站中，輸送纖維漿液的系統(tǒng)中用泵。
(3)有駝峰的Q-H曲線:如圖2 - 43曲線a所示。這種性能曲線，泵在駝峰區(qū)運(yùn)行時(shí)會(huì)出現(xiàn)不穩(wěn)定工況。當(dāng)有駝峰的性能曲線a與裝置特性曲線b會(huì)交于兩個(gè)點(diǎn)，而不是一個(gè)點(diǎn)，使泵處于不穩(wěn)定工況，影響泵的安全運(yùn)行。所以對(duì)于有鴕峰的化性能曲線，一 般規(guī)定工作點(diǎn)的揚(yáng)程必須小于關(guān)死揚(yáng)程，以免泵在不穩(wěn)定工說運(yùn)行。
二、流量-功率曲線(Q-P)
流量-功率曲線(Q-P) 是表示泵的流量與軸功率之間關(guān)系的曲線。泵的軸功率是泵的水功率P,和機(jī)械損失功率AP之和，泵的水功辛P.可用下式計(jì)算:
根據(jù)泵的性能曲線，計(jì)算出流量與水功率的關(guān)系曲線，如圖2 -40中Q'-Pr所示，加上對(duì)應(yīng)流量點(diǎn)的機(jī)械損失功率，就可得到流量與軸功率的關(guān)系曲線Q' -P，對(duì)每一個(gè)流量Q'值減去相應(yīng)的容積損失，即可得到泵的實(shí)際流量-軸功率曲線(Q -P)。
三、流量效率曲線(Q-η)
流量-效率曲線是表示泵流量與效率之間關(guān)系的曲線。根據(jù)泵的Q -H曲線和Q-P曲線上的相應(yīng)點(diǎn)，可得到泵的流量-效率曲線Q一η。可以看出Q一η曲線是由坐標(biāo)原點(diǎn)出發(fā)的一條拋物線，最高點(diǎn)m的流量Q，為設(shè)計(jì)工況點(diǎn)(即額定流量點(diǎn))， 當(dāng)Q<Qp 時(shí)效率η是隨流量Q的增加而增加。當(dāng)Q>l,時(shí)，效率η是隨流量的增加降低了，所以泵應(yīng)使用在額定流量時(shí)最為經(jīng)濟(jì)。渣漿泵配件
Q-H curve with hump: as shown in Figure 2-43 curve a. This performance curve, the pump in the hump area operation will appear unstable conditions. When there is a hump performance curve A and device performance curve B will intersect at two points, rather than one point, so that the pump is in an unstable condition, affecting the safe operation of the pump. Therefore, for the chemical performance curve with peak, generally, the head of the specified working point must be less than the shut-off head, so as to avoid the pump running in unstable operation.
II. Flow power curve (Q-P)
Flow power curve (Q-P) is a curve showing the relationship between pump flow and shaft power. The shaft power of the pump is the sum of the water power P of the pump and the mechanical loss power AP, and the water power P of the pump can be calculated by the following formula:
According to the performance curve of the pump, calculate the relationship curve between flow and water power, as shown in Q & apos; - PR in Fig. 2-40, and add the mechanical loss power of the corresponding flow point to get the relationship curve Q & apos; - p between flow and shaft power. Subtract the corresponding volume loss from each flow Q & apos; value to get the actual flow shaft power curve (Q-P).
III. flow efficiency curve (Q - η)
The flow efficiency curve is a curve showing the relationship between pump flow and efficiency. According to the Q-H curve and the corresponding points on the Q-P curve, the flow efficiency curve q-η can be obtained. It can be seen that the q-η curve is a parabola starting from the origin of the coordinate, and the flow Q at the highest point m is the design operating point (i.e. rated flow point). When Q < QP, the efficiency η increases with the increase of flow Q. When Q > L, the efficiency η decreases with the increase of flow, so the pump should be used at rated flow.
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