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泵的故障分析及排除實(shí)例
本節(jié)介紹一些現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的泵故障分析排除的實(shí)例，這些實(shí)例雖然都是一些個(gè)例， 但通過(guò)這些例子的介紹可以給大家對(duì)泵故障分析排除的些思路和方法。
泵使用現(xiàn)場(chǎng)經(jīng)常是很復(fù)雜的。故障原因多種多樣，就是對(duì)于一個(gè)很有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的人來(lái)講，有時(shí)也會(huì)感到困難，需要經(jīng)過(guò)仔細(xì)觀察分析思考和計(jì)算才能找到真正的故障原因。
現(xiàn)場(chǎng)故障分析排除首先要準(zhǔn)備好該泵的一些資料，如說(shuō)明書(shū)、樣本、性能曲線、總裝配圖等，這對(duì)分析問(wèn)題時(shí)是很有用的。到了現(xiàn)場(chǎng)必須仔細(xì)實(shí)地觀察和了解該泵的裝置情況，工藝流程、操作過(guò)程、安裝情況、電氣設(shè)備情況和各儀表運(yùn)行情況及數(shù)值，然后用泵的一些基本知識(shí)去進(jìn)行分析和必要的計(jì)算，這樣就比較容易得到泵故障的原因，進(jìn)行排除。
[例1] 包頭一玻璃廠，使用2臺(tái)IS200-150-400型單級(jí)單吸離心泵，用作冷卻循環(huán)泵，泵的流量400m3/h,揚(yáng)程50m,軸功率67. 2kW。
泵的裝置是這樣:泵從一個(gè)較大的吸水池底部進(jìn)水，然后通過(guò)泵送到玻璃制作流程中需要冷卻的系統(tǒng)中，最后又回到吸水池中冷卻。用戶反映泵出口壓力低，泵流量小，滿足不了玻璃制作流程中的冷卻需要。
解決過(guò)程:在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)觀察到，泵出口壓力不到0.2MPa，電流值僅為65A，沒(méi)有安裝流量計(jì)，所以不能測(cè)得流量值，但從回到吸水池的流量看明顯較小。當(dāng)關(guān)死泵出口閥門(mén)時(shí)，泵出口壓力達(dá)到了泵的關(guān)死點(diǎn)揚(yáng)程。
從上面的現(xiàn)象分析，泵的揚(yáng)程只有20m, 電流只有65A。但軸功率67.2kW時(shí)，電流應(yīng)為150A左右，泵的流量又小，但關(guān)死點(diǎn)揚(yáng)程正常，所以判斷為泵進(jìn)口堵塞。但用戶不同意這個(gè)判斷。理由是吸水池清澈，能看到池底，哪有勝物堵塞泵。當(dāng)時(shí)確實(shí)也感到有些疑惑不解，水如此干凈拿什么堵?但根據(jù)上述現(xiàn)象分析泵進(jìn)水是倒灘，不可能是汽蝕、 漏氣，只能是泵進(jìn)口堵塞。在找不到別的原因的情況下，用戶只好同意我們意見(jiàn)打開(kāi)系的進(jìn)口檢查，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)編織袋堵在了葉輪的進(jìn)口上。清除編織袋后，一切正常了。原來(lái)因?yàn)槲厥情_(kāi)激式的，有人隨意扔進(jìn)了編織袋，吸入了泵內(nèi)。渣漿泵廠家
Trouble analysis and troubleshooting of pump
This section introduces some on-site examples of pump failure analysis and troubleshooting. Although these examples are all examples, they can give you some ideas and methods of pump failure analysis and troubleshooting through the introduction of these examples.
Pump use site is often very complex. There are many kinds of fault causes, that is to say, for a very experienced person, sometimes it is also difficult to find the real fault cause after careful observation, analysis and calculation.
First of all, prepare some data of the pump, such as instructions, samples, performance curves, general assembly drawings, etc., which are very useful for analyzing problems. When arriving at the site, it is necessary to carefully observe and understand the device condition, process flow, operation process, installation condition, electrical equipment condition, operation condition and value of various instruments of the pump, and then use some basic knowledge of the pump for analysis and necessary calculation, so as to easily get the cause of pump failure and eliminate it.
[example 1] two is200-150-400 single-stage single suction centrifugal pumps are used in Baotou No.1 glass factory as cooling circulating pumps. The flow of the pumps is 400m3 / h, the lift is 50m, and the shaft power is 67.2kw.
The device of the pump is as follows: the pump enters water from the bottom of a large water absorption tank, then it is pumped to the system requiring cooling in the glass making process, and finally it returns to the water absorption tank for cooling. The user reported that the pump outlet pressure was low and the pump flow was small, which could not meet the cooling needs in the glass production process.
Solution process: it was observed on site that the outlet pressure of the pump was less than 0.2MPa, the current value was only 65A, no flowmeter was installed, so the flow value could not be measured, but the flow back to the sump was obviously smaller. When the pump outlet valve is closed, the pump outlet pressure reaches the pump's closed dead point lift.
From the above analysis, the head of the pump is only 20 m, and the current is only 65 a. However, when the shaft power is 67.2kw, the current should be about 150A, the flow of the pump is small, but the head of the dead point is normal, so it is judged that the pump inlet is blocked. But the user disagrees with this judgment. The reason is that the suction pool is clear, and you can see the bottom of the pool, where is the winner blocking the pump. At that time, I did feel puzzled. What kind of water should be blocked when the water is so clean? But according to the above analysis, the water in the pump is poured into the beach, which can't be cavitation or air leakage, only the inlet of the pump is blocked. In case of no other reason, the user had to agree with us to open the inlet inspection of the system, but found a woven bag blocked on the inlet of the impeller. After removing the woven bag, everything was OK. Originally, because the suction tank is open-ended, someone threw it into the woven bag at will and inhaled it into the pump. Slurry pump manufacturer
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