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渣漿泵和壓縮機的發(fā)展簡介
最早提出離心泵概念的是法國工程師Papin,他在1689年發(fā)明了可以稱之為離心泵雛形的一種機器，并于1750年制造了第一臺適用于提升液體的泵。該泵采用了多葉片的葉輪和蝸形體的泵殼。法國著名數(shù)學家歐拉于1750年對離心泵的流動進行了理論分析，為離心泵的發(fā)展奠定了基礎。1818年作為離心泵發(fā)展史上一個轉折點，在美國的Massachusetts開始批量生產(chǎn)離心泵。1851 年Jamee Stu Grwme在英國獲得多級離心泵發(fā)明專利，英國科學家J.Tomsom采用導葉來提高泵的效率。20世紀初在蒸汽輪機的全盛時期,泵幾乎全是往復式的。1904年KSB公司提供了鍋爐繪水用高壓離心系系列1905年蘇爾壽兄弟工廠開始了多級串聯(lián)高壓泵的批量生產(chǎn)。
隨著機械制造技術和計算機技術的應用，泵在世界各國得到了很大發(fā)展。目前世界上泵產(chǎn)品的種類已達5000多種，泵類產(chǎn)品在大容量、高轉速高效率、自動化和可靠性方面達到了新的水平。在泵的理論研究方面，多采用計算流體力學方法模擬實際流動，分析流動損失。同時金屬材料和非金屬材料在泵行業(yè)得到了廣泛的應用,有效地提高了泵的耐腐蝕、耐磨損、耐高低溫和耐沖擊的能力。由于環(huán)保和安全要求,泵的可靠性和低泄漏量的要求也不斷提高。普通的機械密封已接近發(fā)展的極限,磁力驅(qū)動泵和磁力聯(lián)軸器得到了迅速發(fā)展。同時磁流體密封技術則有取代磁力驅(qū)動泵和雙端面密封的趨勢。螺桿泵向著大流量和高壓力的方向發(fā)展。渣漿泵
在19世紀活塞式壓縮機幾乎成了唯一型式的壓縮機。 但由于活塞式壓編機存在單機容量小、機器笨重和易損件多等缺點，離心式壓縮機和軸流式壓縮機才迅速發(fā)展起來，1900法國拉托廠首先制造了第一臺高爐鼓風用離心式壓縮機 ，幾年后在歐洲和美國便出現(xiàn)了離心式壓縮機的批量生產(chǎn)。離心式壓編機的主要優(yōu)點是單機容量大，重量輕、體積小和結構簡單等，為生產(chǎn)大型化提供了條件。隨著高壓離心式壓縮機的有關關鍵技術的進展，世界許多廠家已能生產(chǎn)出排氣壓力達( 280~340)x 10Pa或更高的高壓離心式壓縮機。從進氣流量范圍看，離心式壓縮機在80-6000m3/min的流量范圍內(nèi)得到了廣泛應用。
Development of slurry pump and compressor
The concept of centrifugal pump was first proposed by Papin, a French engineer. He invented a machine that can be called the prototype of centrifugal pump in 1689, and made the first pump suitable for lifting liquid in 1750. The pump adopts multi blade impeller and volute pump shell. Euler, a famous French mathematician, made a theoretical analysis on the flow of centrifugal pump in 1750, which laid a foundation for the development of centrifugal pump. In 1818, as a turning point in the history of centrifugal pump development, mass production of centrifugal pump began in the United States. In 1851, jamee stu grwme obtained a patent for invention of multistage centrifugal pump in the UK, and J. tomsom, a British scientist, used guide vanes to improve the efficiency of the pump. In the heyday of steam turbines in the early 20th century, pumps were almost entirely reciprocating. In 1904, KSB company provided a series of high-pressure centrifugal systems for boiler water drawing. In 1905, Sulzer brothers factory started the batch production of multistage series high-pressure pumps.
With the application of mechanical manufacturing technology and computer technology, pumps have been greatly developed in the world. At present, there are more than 5000 kinds of pump products in the world. Pump products have reached a new level in large capacity, high speed, high efficiency, automation and reliability. In the theoretical research of the pump, the computational fluid dynamics method is often used to simulate the actual flow and analyze the flow loss. At the same time, metal materials and non-metal materials have been widely used in the pump industry, effectively improving the pump's ability of corrosion resistance, wear resistance, high and low temperature resistance and impact resistance. Due to the requirements of environmental protection and safety, the reliability of the pump and the requirements of low leakage are also increasing. The common mechanical seal is close to the limit of development, and the magnetic drive pump and magnetic coupling have developed rapidly. At the same time, magnetic fluid seal technology has the trend of replacing magnetic drive pump and double face seal. The screw pump is developing towards the direction of large flow and high pressure. Slurry pump
In the 19th century, the piston compressor became almost the only type of compressor. However, due to the shortcomings of piston compressor, such as small capacity of single machine, bulky machine and many wearing parts, centrifugal compressor and axial-flow compressor have developed rapidly. The first centrifugal compressor for blast furnace blast was manufactured in 1900 lato factory in France. A few years later, the batch production of centrifugal compressor appeared in Europe and the United States. The main advantages of centrifugal press are large capacity, light weight, small volume and simple structure, which provide conditions for large-scale production. With the development of key technologies of high-pressure centrifugal compressor, many manufacturers in the world have been able to produce high-pressure centrifugal compressor with discharge pressure of (280 ~ 340) x 10Pa or higher. From the view of intake flow range, centrifugal compressor has been widely used in the flow range of 80-6000 m3 / min.
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