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渣漿泵選金礦鐵礦什么是 硫脲浸金
硫脲法浸出金指的是采用硫脲浸出金的工藝。
硫脲又稱(chēng)硫化尿素(H2NCSNH2)，是一種有機(jī)化合物，相對(duì)分子質(zhì)量76.12，密度1. 405g/cm3，熔點(diǎn)180~182C。其晶體易溶于水，在25C時(shí)，在水中溶解度為142g/L，水溶液呈中性、無(wú)腐蝕作用，溶解熱22.57k/mol硫服的重要特性是在水溶液中與過(guò)渡金屬離子生成穩(wěn)定的絡(luò)陽(yáng)離子，反應(yīng)通式:
硫除在堿性溶液中不穩(wěn)定，易分解生成硫化物和氨基氰，氨基氰水解產(chǎn)出尿素。硫脲在酸性溶液中具有還原性能，易氧化生成二硫甲脒。一 硫甲脒進(jìn)一步氧化，分解為氨基氰和單質(zhì)硫。
26 硫脲的特點(diǎn)有哪些?
硫脲的特點(diǎn)是:①無(wú)毒性;②選擇性比氰化物好，對(duì)銅鋅砷銻
等元素的敏感程度明顯低于氧化法;③溶金速度快，比氰化浸出快4~5倍以上;④硫脲溶金在酸性介質(zhì)中進(jìn)行。它適用于已經(jīng)過(guò)預(yù)處理的難浸礦物浸出;⑤溶液中生成的硫尿金配合物在本質(zhì)上是陽(yáng)離子，適合于用溶劑萃取法和離子交換法來(lái)回收金，但硫脲價(jià)格昂貴，消耗量大(自身被氧化20%，80%被礦石吸附消耗)，不如氰化物穩(wěn)定，且由于在酸性介質(zhì)中浸金，容易腐蝕設(shè)備，并且近年來(lái)有些資料將硫脈列為可疑的致癌物。因此可以肯定地說(shuō)，硫脲法近期內(nèi)還很難替代氰化法。硫脲酸性液浸出金銀具有設(shè)出速度高，毒件小，藥劑易再生回收，銅、砷、銻、碳、鉛、鋅、硫的有青影響小等特點(diǎn)，適用于從氯化法難處理或無(wú)法處理的含金礦物原料中提
27 什么是硫代硫酸鹽浸出金?
硫代硫酸鹽是含有S2O3基團(tuán)的化合物，它可看做是硫酸鹽中一個(gè)氧原子被硫原子取代的產(chǎn)物。硫代硫酸鹽與酸作用時(shí)形成的硫代硫酸立即分解為硫和亞硫酸，后者又立即分解為二氧化硫和水， 因而浸出過(guò)強(qiáng)需要在堿性條件下進(jìn)行。SoF中兩個(gè)S原子的氧化值平均為+2,它具有溫和的還原性，因此，浸出過(guò)程適當(dāng)?shù)乜刂?/span>氧化條件是必須的。硫代硫酸鹽另一重要性質(zhì)是它能與許多金屬 (金、銀、銅、鐵、鉑、鈀、汞、鎳、錫)離了形成絡(luò)合物。如:
最重要的硫代硫酸鹽是硫代硫酸鈉和硫代硫酸銨，兩者通常均為無(wú)色或白色粒狀晶體。在有氧存在時(shí)，金在硫代硫酸鹽溶液中可能發(fā)生如下的反應(yīng):
28什么是石硫合劑法浸出金?
石硫合劑法浸出金是我國(guó)首創(chuàng)的新型無(wú)制浸出金技術(shù)。石硫合
劑利用廉價(jià)易得的石灰和硫黃合制而成，無(wú)毒，有利于環(huán)境保護(hù)，其主要成分是多硫化鈣(CaS,) 和硫代硫酸鈣(CaS2O3)。因此，石硫合劑法的浸金過(guò)程是多硫化物浸出金和硫代硫酸鹽浸出金兩者的聯(lián)合作用，因而使用石硫合劑法具有優(yōu)越的浸出金性能，更適于處理含碳、伸、銻、銅、錯(cuò)的難處理金礦。但是，該方法在技術(shù)還很不成熟，有待進(jìn)一步研究。
石硫合劑中含有S.、S0X、5、S等離子，它們與金均可形成穩(wěn)定的配合物。多硫離子如同過(guò)氧離子，其有氧化性，可將Au(0)氧化成Au(I),生成的Au( I)可與溶液中各種配位離子形成穩(wěn)定的配合物，由于Au( I)濃度不斷降低，就促使Au(0)不斷溶解。浸出金的關(guān)鍵不但要有氧化劑使Au(0)氧化，更重要的是被氧化了的Au( I)與溶液中的配位離了生成穩(wěn)定的配合物。氰化物和硫脲(Thio) 是最常見(jiàn)的浸出金溶劑，在氧化劑存在下它們與Au (I)均能形成穩(wěn)定的配合物。S205、S3、S2-與Au(T)形成的配合物，其穩(wěn)定性均高于硫脲與Au(I )的配合物，接近氰化物與金的配合物。
29什么是液氯浸出法?
液氯化法，通常又稱(chēng)為水溶液氯化法或水氯化法。此法初期采用氰水或硫酸加漂白粉的溶液從有中成功地浸出金，并用硫酸亞鐵從浸出液中沉淀出金。一般說(shuō)來(lái)， 原料中凡是王水可溶的物質(zhì)，液氰化法也可以溶解。采用液氰化法，金的浸出率比氰化法高，且氯的價(jià)格比氰化物低。
氯是一種強(qiáng)氧化劑，能與大多數(shù)元素起反應(yīng)。對(duì)金來(lái)說(shuō)，它既水氧化劑又是絡(luò)合劑。金被氯化而發(fā)生氧化并與氯離于絡(luò)合，故稱(chēng)水氯化浸出金,其化學(xué)反應(yīng)為
這一反應(yīng)是在溶液中氯濃度明顯增高的低PH條件下快速進(jìn)行的。
用于液氧化法的浸出劑主要是(濕) 氯和氯鹽。由于氯的活性 渣漿泵
What is thiourea leaching of gold ore by slurry pump
Gold leaching by thiourea method refers to the process of leaching gold by thiourea.
Thiourea, also known as urea sulfide (h2ncsnh2), is an organic compound with a molecular weight of 76.12, a density of 1.405g/cm3, and a melting point of 180-182c. The crystal is easily soluble in water. At 25C, the solubility in water is 142g / L, and the aqueous solution is neutral and non corrosive. The important characteristic of the solution heat of 22.57k/mol sulfur suit is the formation of stable complex cations with transition metal ions in the aqueous solution. General formula:
Sulfur removal is not stable in alkaline solution, it is easy to decompose into sulfide and cyanamide, and cyanamide hydrolysis produces urea. Thiourea has reductive property in acid solution and is easy to oxidize to form dithioformamidine. Thioformamidine is further oxidized and decomposed into cyanamide and elemental sulfur.
What are the characteristics of thiourea?
The characteristics of thiourea are as follows: ① it is nontoxic; ② it has better selectivity than cyanide, and it is good for copper, zinc, arsenic and antimony
The sensitivity of other elements is obviously lower than that of oxidation method; ③ the gold dissolving speed is faster than that of cyanidation leaching by more than 4-5 times; ④ the gold dissolving by thiourea is carried out in acid medium. It is suitable for the leaching of refractory minerals which have been pretreated; ⑤ the thiourea gold complex formed in the solution is cation in nature, which is suitable for the recovery of gold by solvent extraction and ion-exchange method, but thiourea is expensive and consumes a large amount (20% oxidized by itself and 80% absorbed by ore). It is not as stable as cyanide, and it is easy to corrode the equipment due to the leaching of gold in acid medium In recent years, sulfur pulse has been listed as a suspicious carcinogen. Therefore, it can be said that thiourea method is difficult to replace cyanidation in the near future. The leaching of gold and silver with thiourea acid solution has the characteristics of high design speed, small toxic parts, easy regeneration and recovery of reagents, and little green effect of copper, arsenic, antimony, carbon, lead, zinc and sulfur. It is suitable for extracting gold bearing mineral raw materials that are difficult to be treated or cannot be treated by chlorination method
What is thiosulfate leaching of gold?
Thiosulfate is a compound containing s2o3 group, which can be regarded as the product of one oxygen atom in sulfate replaced by sulfur atom. The thiosulfuric acid formed by the interaction of thiosulfate and acid is immediately decomposed into sulfur and sulfite, and the latter is immediately decomposed into sulfur dioxide and water. The average oxidation value of two S atoms in sof is + 2, which has mild reducibility. Therefore, it is necessary to properly control the oxidation conditions in the leaching process. Another important property of thiosulfate is that it can form complexes with many metals (gold, silver, copper, iron, platinum, palladium, mercury, nickel, tin). Such as:
The most important thiosulfate is sodium thiosulfate and ammonium thiosulfate, both of which are usually colorless or white granular crystals. In the presence of oxygen, gold may react in thiosulfate solution as follows:
What is the method of leaching gold with stone sulfur mixture?
The leaching of gold by the method of stone sulfur mixture is a new type of non system leaching technology. Stone sulfur
It is made of cheap and easily available lime and sulfur yellow. It is nontoxic and beneficial to environmental protection. Its main components are calcium polysulfide (CAS,) and calcium thiosulfate (cas2o3). Therefore, the process of gold leaching by the method of stone sulfur mixture is the combination of polysulfide leaching and thiosulfate leaching. Therefore, the method of stone sulfur mixture has superior gold leaching performance and is more suitable for the treatment of refractory gold ores containing carbon, extension, antimony, copper and dislocation. However, this method is not mature in technology and needs further study.
There are S., s0x, 5, s plasma in the mixture, which can form stable complexes with gold. Polysulfide ions, like peroxides, are oxidable. They can oxidize Au (0) to Au (I). The resulting Au (I) can form stable complexes with various coordination ions in the solution. As the concentration of Au (I) keeps decreasing, Au (0) will continue to dissolve. The key to gold leaching is not only the oxidizer to oxidize Au (0), but also the coordination of oxidized Au (I) and solution to form stable complexes. Cyanide and thiourea are the most common solvent for leaching gold. In the presence of oxidant, they can form stable complexes with Au (I). The stability of the complexes of S205, S3, S2 - with Au (T) is higher than that of thiourea with Au (I), close to that of cyanide with gold.
29 what is liquid chlorine leaching?
Liquid chlorination, also known as water solution chlorination or water chlorination. In the initial stage of this method, gold was successfully leached from the solution with cyanogen water or sulfuric acid plus bleaching powder, and gold was precipitated from the leached solution with ferrous sulfate. Generally speaking, all the substances soluble in aqua regia in raw materials can also be dissolved by liquid cyanidation. The leaching rate of gold is higher and the price of chlorine is lower than that of cyanide.
Chlorine is a strong oxidant and can react with most elements. For gold, it is both a water oxidizer and a complexing agent. Gold is oxidized by chlorination and complexed with chlorine, so it is called water chlorination leaching gold. Its chemical reaction is
The reaction was carried out rapidly under the condition of low pH, when the concentration of chlorine in the solution increased obviously.
The main leachables used in liquid oxidation are (wet) chlorine and chloride salts. Active slurry pump due to chlorine
