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渣漿泵彈性聯(lián)軸器傳動結(jié)構(gòu)
泵的彈性聯(lián)軸器有柱銷彈性聯(lián)軸器、爪型彈性聯(lián)軸器、金屬繞性彈性膜片聯(lián)軸器等。
1.柱銷彈性聯(lián)軸器
(1)柱銷彈性聯(lián)軸器的結(jié)構(gòu)
如圖5-36所示，是由泵端聯(lián)軸器、電機(jī)端聯(lián)軸器、柱銷、橡膠彈性圈、擋圈、螺母和彈簧墊圈等組成。泵端聯(lián)軸器的柱銷與孔是錐形配合，通過螺母和墊圈牢牢地將柱銷固定在泵端聯(lián)軸器上，柱銷上有橡膠彈性圈，當(dāng)電機(jī)端聯(lián)軸器轉(zhuǎn)動時，帶動泵端聯(lián)軸器轉(zhuǎn)動，橡膠彈性圈可起緩沖減振作用。
為了使泵檢修時方便，常將柱銷彈性聯(lián)軸器制成加長型，如圖5-37 所示。泵檢修時，可將中間聯(lián)軸器取下，就可將泵的轉(zhuǎn)子抽出，可以在不拆泵、管路和電機(jī)的情況下進(jìn)行檢修。
(2)柱銷彈性聯(lián)軸器的安裝和使用
①聯(lián)軸器找正:泵和原動機(jī)的軸心線必須在同一直線上，否則，運轉(zhuǎn)時將會產(chǎn)生極大的振動和噪聲.所以必需要找正。
找正方法有粗找和精找兩種方法。粗找可用直尺和塞尺來找正，將直尺放在聯(lián)軸器的外圓上，緊緊靠住聯(lián)軸器的任一半聯(lián)軸器 上，看直尺與另一半聯(lián)軸器之間的間隙大小，如圖5-38所示。需要檢查聯(lián)軸器的上下左右4個點，用泵或電機(jī)腳的墊片來調(diào)正，直到間隙沒有或很小，同時還需要用塞尺檢查兩聯(lián)軸器之間的間隙，也需要檢查上下左右4個點之間的間隙相差應(yīng)小于0.1mm。精確找正時，需要用百分表查找。將百分表架固定在泵或電機(jī)軸上或聯(lián)軸器上，用百分表打在另一半的聯(lián)軸器外圓上，兩聯(lián)軸器一起轉(zhuǎn)動一周，跳動值應(yīng)小于0. 1mm。
②聯(lián)軸器間的間隙:泵聯(lián)軸器與原動機(jī)聯(lián)軸器之同應(yīng)有一定的距離，以防止將泵的軸向力傳遞給原動機(jī)，燒壞原動機(jī)的軸承。間隙C的大小可視泵的大小來決定，可在表5-5。
對用平衡盤平衡軸向力的多級泵，由于轉(zhuǎn)子竄動比較大，所以應(yīng)取大值，并且調(diào)間隙時還應(yīng)注意一定要先將平衡盤緊靠住平衡板后再確定其間隙。
(3)柱銷彈性聯(lián)軸器生產(chǎn)已定型、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化。共有10種規(guī)格，適用于不同的扭矩。表5-5為各種規(guī)格允許的扭矩，選用時可計算出泵的扭矩后選取。
(4)安裝時將聯(lián)軸器放正于軸頭上，用木螂頭打入或用木塊墊在聯(lián)軸器上用鐵錘打入。對較大直徑的聯(lián)軸器，裝配時可能較緊，可將聯(lián)軸器加熱后再裝。
(5)橡膠彈性圈磨損后應(yīng)及時更換，否則會增加振動和噪聲。渣漿泵
Transmission structure of elastic coupling of slurry pump
The elastic coupling of the pump includes pin elastic coupling, claw type elastic coupling, metal wound elastic diaphragm coupling, etc.
1. Pin elastic coupling
(1) structure of pin elastic coupling
As shown in figure 5-36, it is composed of pump end coupling, motor end coupling, pin, rubber elastic ring, retaining ring, nut and spring washer. The pin and hole of the pump end coupling are tapered fit. The pin is firmly fixed on the pump end coupling by nuts and washers. There is rubber elastic ring on the pin. When the motor end coupling rotates, it drives the pump end coupling to rotate, and the rubber elastic ring can buffer and reduce vibration.
In order to facilitate pump maintenance, the pin elastic coupling is often made into an extended type, as shown in figure 5-37. During pump maintenance, the intermediate coupling can be removed to extract the pump rotor, and maintenance can be carried out without removing the pump, pipeline and motor.
(2) installation and use of pin elastic coupling
① alignment of coupling: the axial line of pump and prime mover must be in the same straight line, otherwise, great vibration and noise will be generated during operation, so alignment is necessary.
There are two methods of alignment: coarse and fine. For rough alignment, use a ruler and a feeler gauge to align. Place the ruler on the outer circle of the coupling, tightly lean on any half of the coupling, and see the gap between the ruler and the other half of the coupling, as shown in figure 5-38. It is necessary to check the four points on the left and right of the coupling, and use the gasket of the pump or motor foot to adjust until the gap is not or very small. At the same time, it is also necessary to check the gap between the two couplings with a feeler gauge. It is also necessary to check that the gap between the four points on the left and right of the coupling should be less than 0.1mm. For accurate alignment, it is necessary to use a dial indicator. Fix the dial indicator bracket on the pump or motor shaft or coupling, use the dial indicator to hit the outer circle of the other half of the coupling, rotate the two couplings together for a week, and the runout value shall be less than 0.1mm.
② clearance between couplings: there should be a certain distance between the pump coupling and the prime mover coupling to prevent the axial force of the pump from being transmitted to the prime mover and burning the bearings of the prime mover. The size of clearance C can be determined by the size of the pump, which can be found in table 5-5.
For the multi-stage pump balancing the axial force with the balance plate, since the rotor movement is relatively large, the large value should be taken, and when adjusting the clearance, attention should be paid to first place the balance plate against the balance plate and then determine the clearance.
(3) the production of pin elastic coupling has been finalized and standardized. There are 10 specifications for different torques. Table 5-5 shows the allowable torque of various specifications, which can be selected after calculating the torque of the pump.
(4) during installation, place the coupling on the shaft head, and use the wood Lang head to drive or use the wood block pad to drive on the coupling with a hammer. For the coupling with larger diameter, it may be tight during assembly, and the coupling can be installed after heating.
(5) the rubber elastic ring shall be replaced in time after being worn, otherwise vibration and noise will be increased. Slurry pump
